Fracture fixation system

ABSTRACT

A method for repairing a fractured bone includes providing a bone fracture fixation assembly including a plate, an elongated shaft, and a rod. At least a portion of the shaft is threaded, and the shaft has a hole extending therethrough. The hole has an axis transverse to a longitudinal axis of the shaft. The method further includes positioning the plate adjacent the surface of the fractured bone, extending the shaft into the bone, cooperatively engaging the threaded portion of the shaft with a screw receiving aperture of the plate, extending the rod into the bone, and inserting the rod into the hole of the shaft.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/803,394, filed Jun. 25, 2010 (now U.S. Pat. No.8,361,075); which is a divisional application of U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/050,304, filed Feb. 3, 2005 (now U.S. Pat. No. 8,182,485);which is a continuing application of U.S. Non-Provisional patentapplication Ser. No. 10/993,723, filed on Nov. 19, 2004 (now abandoned);which claims the benefit of Provisional Patent Application No.60/552,632, filed on Mar. 12, 2004; Provisional Patent Application No.60/541,540, filed on Feb. 3, 2004; and Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 60/523,960, filed on Nov. 21, 2003; all of which are incorporatedherein by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to medical devices configuredtowards the treatment of bone fractures, and more particularly, to amulti-faceted bone fixation system configured towards treating a varietyof different human bone fractures.

2. Description of the Prior Art

A wide variety of devices have been developed for the support andtreatment of different bone fractures. Existing solutions have rangedfrom simplistic measures, such as bone support plates, structural rods,and other single-function prosthetic devices, to more elaboratemechanisms involving a complex arrangement of different components.

Although a variety of different approaches have been attempted in thepast, existing solutions have consisted basically of familiar, expected,and obvious structural configurations that have proven to be inadequateor impractical in application.

In this respect, there is a need in the art for an efficient andeffective fracture fixation system that substantially departs from theprior art, and in so doing, provides a fracture fixation system orientedtowards providing significant initial structural integrity as well asrapid patient recovery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is directed to a bone fixation system including aplate portion and a rod portion configured for significant initialstructural integrity and rapid patient recovery.

An object of the present invention is to provide a fracture fixationsystem configured to offer substantial initial structural integrity inthe proximity of a bone fracture.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a fracturefixation system incorporating a plurality of screws configured andplaced so as to maximize imbedded screw depth into bone structure havingthe greatest density.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fracturefixation system utilizing a plurality of screws configured specificallyfor a rigid and tight hold resistant to free play and loosening.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide a fracturefixation system utilizing fasteners configured for divergent angleplacement in order to provide increased structural load resistance.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a fracturefixation system configured for strategic placement in any of a widevariety of bone fracture applications.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of the presentinvention will become more readily apparent from the attached drawingsand the detailed description of the preferred embodiments, which follow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The preferred embodiments of the invention will hereinafter be describedin conjunction with the appended drawings provided to illustrate and notto limit the invention, where like designations denote like elements,and in which:

FIG. 1 is a rear view of a humerus bone as located in the human skeletalsystem;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of a fractured humerus bone shown in conjunctionwith plates and screws as typically utilized in the prior art;

FIG. 3 is a rear view showing a fractured humerus bone showing anaperture drilled axially therein for placement of a rod in accordancewith an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of the fractured humerus bone of FIG. 3 showingthe axially drilled aperture in accordance with an exemplary embodimentof the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the fractured humerus bone shown beforeinsertion of the rod and plate portion of the fracture fixation systemin accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the fractured humerus bone shown afterinsertion of the rod and plate portion of the fracture fixation systemin accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the fractured humerus bone shown after completesecurement of the rod and plate portion of the fracture fixation systemin accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of the fractured humerus bone shown after completesecurement of the rod and plate portion of the fracture fixation systemin accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the fractured humerus bone shown aftercomplete securement of the rod and plate portion of the fracturefixation system in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of thepresent invention;

FIG. 10 is a front view showing an illustrative screw configurationutilized in conjunction with an exemplary embodiment of the presentinvention; and

FIG. 11 is a rear view of the humerus bone shown in conjunction with abone scaffolding system in accordance with an alternative embodiment ofthe present invention.

Like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout the several viewsof the drawings.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Shown throughout the figures, the present invention is generallydirected to a fracture fixation system configured towards treating avariety of different human bone fractures.

For purposes of clarity and simplicity, the fracture fixation system ofthe present invention will be described and illustrated in conjunctionwith a fractured humerus bone 100. As such, FIG. 1 depicts a rear viewof the humerus bone 100 alongside a human figure for perspective. Itwill be appreciated by those skilled in the art, however, that thefracture fixation system is by no means limited to the support andtreatment of the humerus bone 100 and may be adapted to any of a widevariety of other situations without departing from the presentinvention.

FIG. 2 shows a fractured humerus bone 100 in conjunction with a typicalprior art plate and screw support structure. In this figure, it is seenthat the humerus bone 100 has multiple fracture lines 130 in the distalend 140 and is supported externally through separate plate componentswithout any internal support mechanism.

Turning to the present invention, FIGS. 3-11 illustrate the fracturefixation system 10 in various stages of completion. Initially, asindicated by the phantom lines of FIG. 3, access to the medullary cavity110 is achieved by drilling axially from an insertion point 120 at thedistal end 140 of the humerus bone 100 as indicated by the phantom linesshown. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that any of awide variety of known methods may be utilized to create access to themedullary cavity 110 without departing from the present invention. FIG.4 shows a side view of the humerus bone 100 along with the medullarycavity 110 illustrated in phantom lines.

The fracture fixation system 10 is illustrated before insertion into afractured humerus bone in FIG. 5. The fracture fixation system 10 of thepresent invention includes a rod portion 20 and a plate portion 30 asshown. The rod portion preferably includes a tip 22, a tip portion 24,tapered central portion 26, and a generally curved plate abuttingportion 28. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the plate portion 30 is configuredto abut the distal end 140 of the humerus bone 100 in a secure and snugfashion when in a fully inserted position. As shown, the plate portion30 will include a plurality of apertures 32 therein configured to permitentry of screws 40 therethru and into bone structure 100. The screws 40are shown in a fully inserted position in the fracture fixation systemof the present invention in FIGS. 7-9.

The apertures 32 in the plate portion 30 will preferably be configuredsuch that the central axes of the screws are not parallel to each other.In a most preferred embodiment, each screw 40 will be maintained suchthat its central axis is not parallel to the central axis of any otherscrew 40. Such an orientation significantly increases the structuralintegrity of the fracture fixation system and helps prevent the plateportion from coming loose during loading conditions. Cartilage bearingbone 105 is always weakest in its central portion where it is soft,spongy trabecular bone. The mechanical quality of the cartilage bearingbone 105 is much better just below the cartilage itself, where it isknown by the name of subchondral bone. A plurality of pins 34 will beutilized as shown. The pins 34 extend through apertures 35 in a mannerconfigured to maximize the depth that is embedded into high densitybone, and likewise, minimize embedded depth into weak bone. Theorientation of the pins 34 is as tangential as possible to the articularsurface to achieve the best purchase into the hard subchondral bone.

Referring now to FIG. 10, an exemplary embodiment of the front view ofthe screw 40 is shown. As illustrated, the screw 40 will be generallycylindrical in shape extending from an initial point 42 to a terminalend 46 and include thread 44 on an outer circumference thereupon. In amost preferred embodiment, the thread 42 will extend all the way up tothe terminal 46 of the screw 40. As the threading continues up to theterminal end 46 of the screw 40, it is seen that a tight and secureconnection is formed. Threading the screw 40 up to and including theterminal end 46 helps prevent any lateral displacement of the terminalend 46 of the screw 40. In the preferred embodiment, the apertures 32 inthe plate portion 30 will be internally threaded to matingly correspondto the threads 44 of screws 40.

The pins 34 of the fracture fixation system 10 may be configured similarto the screws 40 in that they may be threaded to matingly correspond tointernal threads of apertures 35. As will be clear to those skilled inthe art, a wide variety of known pin and screw configurations may bealternatively utilized without departing from the present invention.

As previously described, the fracture fixation system 10 includes a rodportion 20 and a plate portion 30 as best illustrated in FIGS. 5-8. Therod portion 20 is formed in an elongate conical configuration having atip 22, a tip portion 24, tapered central portion 26, and a generallycurved plate abutting portion 28. The generally curved plate abuttingportion 28 includes a plurality of apertures 36 therein as shown. Theapertures 36 of the plate abutting portion 28 are configured to receivea screw 48 therein as depicted in FIGS. 7-8.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a screw system isprovided comprising a rod screw 60 configured for insertion into ascaffold locking screw 50 as illustrated in FIG. 11. The scaffoldlocking screw 50 will preferably be configured for insertion into thebone in such a manner as to permit a rod screw 60 to be cooperativelyengaged an aperture 55 therein. Although FIG. 11 shows an exemplaryembodiment wherein the rod screw 60 enters the scaffold locking screw 50in a generally perpendicular manner, it will be appreciated by thoseskilled in the art that such a configuration is not required. In fact,any of a number of angular variations is possible and may be preferreddepending upon specific circumstances surrounding a particular surgery.The rod screw 60 can be configured with threads 62 thereupon for secureengagement within the bone of a patient. Likewise, it may be desirablethat the scaffold locking screw 50 include threads on an outer surfacethereof to engage bone structure in a secure manner. The scaffoldlocking screw 50 may also include threads on an inner surface of theaperture 55 therein configured to securely engage cooperating threads onthe outside circumference of the rod screw 60.

Since many modifications, variations, and changes in detail can be madeto the described preferred embodiments of the invention, it is intendedthat all matters in the foregoing description and shown in theaccompanying drawings be interpreted as illustrative and not in alimiting sense. Thus, the scope of the invention should be determined bythe appended claims and their legal equivalence.

What is claimed is:
 1. A bone fracture fixation assembly comprising: aplate adapted to abut a surface of a bone adjacent a fracture thereof,said plate having a screw receiving aperture therethrough, a lowersurface, and an upper surface opposite said lower surface, said aperturebeing threaded, and said lower surface being adapted to abut the surfaceof the bone; an elongated shaft having a distal end, an oppositeproximal end, and a length therebetween, said shaft having alongitudinal axis along the length thereof, at least a portion of saidshaft being threaded to cooperatively engage said aperture of saidplate, said shaft configured to extend into the bone and said shaftengaging said plate such that the longitudinal axis of said shaft istransversely oriented with respect to a portion of said lower surface ofsaid plate, said shaft having a threaded hole extending therethrough,said threaded hole having an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis ofsaid shaft, and a rod configured to extend into the bone and forinsertion into said threaded hole of said shaft, said rod having alength greater than the length of said shaft, and said rod having athreaded portion adapted to threadably engage said threaded hole of saidshaft, wherein, when said shaft and said rod are positioned with respectto said plate and the bone, said threaded portion of said rod isinserted into said threaded hole, the entirety of said rod is spacedfrom said plate, and said shaft and said rod are engaged to one anotherwithin the bone.
 2. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1,wherein the axis of said hole is perpendicular to the longitudinal axisof said shaft.
 3. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1,wherein the axis of said hole is at an non-perpendicular angle to thelongitudinal axis of said shaft.
 4. The bone fracture fixation assemblyof claim 1, wherein said shaft has a threaded portion configured toengage the bone.
 5. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1,wherein said shaft has a non-threaded portion configured to contact thebone.
 6. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1, wherein saidshaft is a locking screw.
 7. The bone fracture fixation assembly ofclaim 1, wherein said rod is a screw.
 8. The bone fracture fixationassembly of claim 1, wherein said rod has a threaded portion configuredto engage the bone.
 9. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1,wherein said rod has a non-threaded portion configured to contact thebone.
 10. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 1, wherein saidrod has a shaft with a distal end and an opposite proximal end, and saiddistal end of said shaft of said rod being configured to pass throughand extend beyond said hole of said elongated shaft.
 11. The bonefracture fixation assembly of claim 1, wherein said plate includes alength and a width, said length being greater than said width, and saidplate being curved along said length.
 12. A bone fracture fixationassembly comprising: a plate adapted to abut a surface of a boneadjacent a fracture thereof, said plate having a screw receivingaperture therethrough, a lower surface, and an upper surface oppositesaid lower surface, said aperture being threaded, and said lower surfacebeing adapted to abut the surface of the bone; an elongated shaft havinga distal end, an opposite proximal end, and a length therebetween, saidshaft having a longitudinal axis along the length thereof, at least aportion of said shaft being threaded to cooperatively engage saidaperture of said plate, said shaft configured to extend into the boneand said shaft engaging said plate such that the longitudinal axis ofsaid shaft is transversely oriented with respect to a portion of saidlower surface of said plate, said shaft having a hole extendingtherethrough, said hole having an axis transverse to the longitudinalaxis of said shaft, and a rod having a proximal end and a distal endopposite said proximal end, said rod being configured to extend into thebone, said distal end of said rod being adapted for insertion into saidhole of said shaft, said rod having at least one of a threaded portionconfigured to contact the bone and a non-threaded portion configured tocontact the bone, said rod having a non-threaded portion configured tofit within said hole of said shaft, wherein, when said shaft and saidrod are positioned with respect to said plate and the bone, saidproximal end and said distal end of said rod being spaced from saidplate, and said shaft and said rod engage one another within the bone.13. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 12, wherein said plateincludes a length and a width, said length being greater than saidwidth, and said plate being curved along said length.
 14. The bonefracture fixation assembly of claim 12, wherein said shaft is a lockingscrew.
 15. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 12, said distalend said rod being configured to pass through and extend beyond saidhole of said elongated shaft.
 16. A bone fracture fixation assemblycomprising: a plate adapted to abut a surface of a bone adjacent afracture thereof, said plate having a screw receiving aperturetherethrough, a lower surface, and an upper surface opposite said lowersurface, said aperture being threaded, and said lower surface beingadapted to abut the surface of the bone; an elongated shaft having adistal end, an opposite proximal end, and a length therebetween, saidshaft having a longitudinal axis along the length thereof, at least aportion of said shaft being threaded to cooperatively engage saidaperture of said plate, said shaft configured to extend into the boneand said shaft engaging said plate such that the longitudinal axis ofsaid shaft is transversely oriented with respect to a portion of saidlower surface of said plate, said shaft having a hole extendingtherethrough, said hole having an axis transverse to the longitudinalaxis of said shaft, and a rod having a proximal end and a distal endopposite said proximal end, said rod being configured to extend into thebone, said rod having a threaded portion configured to engage bone, andsaid distal end of said rod being configured to pass through and extendbeyond said hole of said elongated shaft, wherein, when said shaft andsaid rod are positioned with respect to said plate and the bone, saidrod is inserted into said hole to engage said shaft and the remainder ofsaid rod contacts the bone, and said shaft and said rod engage oneanother with the bone.
 17. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim16, wherein said hole of said shaft is threaded and said rod has athreaded portion adapted to threadably engage said hole of said shaft.18. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 16, wherein said shaftis a locking screw.
 19. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 16,wherein said rod has a non-threaded portion configured to contact thebone.
 20. The bone fracture fixation assembly of claim 16, wherein saidrod has a non-threaded portion configured to fit within said hole ofsaid shaft.